Install azcli on Linux

0. Import gpgkey

$ sudo rpm --import https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
  1. Create local azure-cli repository information.
# sh -c 'echo -e "[azure-cli]
name=Azure CLI
baseurl=https://packages.microsoft.com/yumrepos/azure-cli
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc" > /etc/yum.repos.d/azure-cli.repo'


2. Install with the yum install command.

$ yum install azure-cli

3. Run the login command.

$ az login

To sign in, use a web browser to open the page https://microsoft.com/devicelogin and enter the code MYCODEHERE to authenticate.

4. Go to https://microsoft.com/devicelogin and enter the mentioned code

5. Click Next -> choose your account.

Python: Manipulation on file content located in s3 archived as tar.gz without downloading

Problem:

Need to analyze several values from multiple files that are archived as tar.gz and located on s3. This operation must be performed without downloading or extracting tar.gz

HARBOR: I am neither the Python expert nor the developer, so it is assumed that I am having mistakes in it or script could be written shorter and easier way than I did.
But it satisfies my needs. So please use it as an example only and investigate the content of it.

Hierarcy of the tar.gz file is the following (sample):

-myfile.tar.gz
—folder1.tar.gz
—–flashgrid_cluster
—–files/node_monitor_error.log
—folder2.tar.gz
—–flashgrid_cluster
—–files/node_monitor_error.log

  1. Create extracts3tar.py file with the following content and grant executable permission to that file:

    Note: Update the following entries in the file according to your environment.
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = "my key goes here"    
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = "my secret key goes here"
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "my bucket name goes here"

Content of extracts3tar.py:

#!/usr/bin/python2.7
import boto3
import tarfile
import joblib
import io
import sys

class S3Loader(object):
    AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = "my key goes here"
    AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = "my secret key goes here"
    AWS_REGION_NAME = "us-east-1"
    AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "my bucket name goes here"
    def __init__(self):
        self.s3_client = boto3.client("s3",
                                     aws_access_key_id=self.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
                                     aws_secret_access_key=self.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)

    def load_tar_file_s3_into_object_without_download(self, s3_filepath):

        # Describing variables search pattern
        match = ("Disk latency above threshold")
        notmatch = (".lun")

        s3_object = self.s3_client.get_object(Bucket=self.AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME, Key=s3_filepath)
        wholefile = s3_object['Body'].read()
        fileobj = io.BytesIO(wholefile)

        # Opening first tar.gz file
        tar = tarfile.open(fileobj=fileobj)

        # Searching nested tar.gz files
        childgz = [f.name for f in tar.getmembers() if f.name.endswith('.gz')]

        # Extracting file named flashgrid_cluster which is located in the first tar.gz
        node1gz = tarfile.open(fileobj=tar.extractfile(childgz[0]))
        fgclustername = [f.name for f in node1gz.getmembers() if f.name.endswith('flashgrid_cluster')]
        fgclusternamecontent = node1gz.extractfile(fgclustername[0])

        # Extracting text that contains string "Cluster Name:"
        for fgclusternameline in fgclusternamecontent:
           if "Cluster Name:" in fgclusternameline:
             clustername=fgclusternameline
#        print(len(childgz))
#        print(clustername)
#        print(childgz)
#        nodegzlist=list('')
#        nodemonfilelist=list('')

# Extracting file node_monitor_error.log from all nested tar.gz files
        for i in childgz:
#          nodegzlist.append(tarfile.open(fileobj=tar.extractfile(i)))
           cur_gz_file_extracted = tarfile.open(fileobj=tar.extractfile(i))
#           print(tarfile.open(fileobj=tar.extractfile(i)).getmembers())
           cur_node_mon_file = [f.name for f in cur_gz_file_extracted.getmembers() if f.name.endswith('node_monitor-error.log')]

# Path to node_monitor_error.log contains hostname inside so extracting string that is the hostname
           cur_node_name = cur_node_mon_file[0].split("/")[0]
#           print(cur_node_name)
#           nodemonfilelist.append([f.name for f in curfile.getmembers() if f.name.endswith('node_monitor-error.log')])
#           print(nodemonfilelist[0],nodemonfilelist[1],nodemonfilelist[2])

# Extracting content of node_monitor_error.log file
           cur_node_mon_file_content = cur_gz_file_extracted.extractfile(cur_node_mon_file[0])
#           print(cur_node_mon_file_content)
#        fgclusternamecontent = node1gz.extractfile(fgclustername[0])

#        for fgclusternameline in fgclusternamecontent:
#           if "Cluster Name:" in fgclusternameline:
#             clustername=fgclusternameline

# Selecting lines from the extracted file and filtering based on match criteria (match, notmatch variables)
           for cur_node_mon_file_content_line in cur_node_mon_file_content:
            if match in cur_node_mon_file_content_line and not (notmatch in cur_node_mon_file_content_line):
               # Extracting time from the string, knowing the exact position
               time = cur_node_mon_file_content_line.split(" ")[0] + " " + cur_node_mon_file_content_line.split(" ")[1]
               cur_node_mon_file_line_splitted = cur_node_mon_file_content_line.split(" ")
               # Extracting necessary values after spliting the content by delimiter " "
               print(clustername.strip(),cur_node_name,cur_node_mon_file_line_splitted[8] , time,  cur_node_mon_file_line_splitted[17] + " " + cur_node_mon_file_line_splitted[18].strip())
#               print(nodemonfileline)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    s3_loader = S3Loader()
    try:

     # Script takes 1 argument
      s3_loader.load_tar_file_s3_into_object_without_download(s3_filepath=str(sys.argv[1]))

    except:
     pass

2. Run .py file and pass path of the tar.gz file

# ./extracts3tar.py "myfoldername/myfile.tar.gz"

So the search is happening for flashgrid_cluster and node_monitor_error.log file content, for which two nested tar.gz should be analyzed.

Note: For running the above script, I have to install the following rpms:

# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm; yum install epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
# yum install python-pip
# pip install boto3

UPDATE 20 June 2022:

On one of my env I was getting Syntax error while running script. I had to change the python version in the header:
From: #!/usr/bin/python2.7
To: #!/bin/python3

Then installed:
# pip3 install boto3
# pip3 install joblib

RMAN restore on ASM fails ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact, WARNING: ASMB0 exiting with error

Problem:

Our client was not able to restore controlfile on +FRA diskgroup:

RMAN> restore controlfile to '+FRA' from '<backup file location>';
....
RMAN-03002 failure of restore command at 2021/05/24 19:12:19
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece 
ORA-19504: failed to create file '+FRA'
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +FRA
ORA-15001: diskgroup "FRA" does not exist or is not mounted
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact

Reason:

oracle binary under GI home did not have correct permissions:

[grid@rac1 bin]$ ll oracle
-rwxr-x--x 1 grid oinstall 420332360 Oct 13  2020 oracle

Solution:

Change permissions to 6751 and retry the restore:

[grid@rac1 bin]$ chmod 6751 oracle

[grid@rac1 bin]$ ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 grid oinstall 420332360 Oct 13  2020 oracle

rpm -qa gets thread died in Berkeley DB library

Problem:

After checking if flashgrid-clan package was installed, got this error:

error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 2884/140438918064192 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - (-30973)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 2884/140438918064192 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
package flashgrid-clan is not installed

Reason:

If you see rpmdb errors during package management (rpm, yum), it means that the RPM database is corrupted.

Solution:

# mkdir /var/lib/rpm/backup
# cp -a /var/lib/rpm/__db* /var/lib/rpm/backup/
# rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db.[0-9][0-9]*
# rpm --quiet -qa
# rpm --rebuilddb
# yum clean all

SQL Developer ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-12705: Cannot access NLS data files or invalid environment specified

Problem:

Connection from the SQL Developer fails with the following error:

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-12705: Cannot access NLS data files or invalid environment specified

Solution:

Find sqldeveloper.conf file:

$ find / -name sqldeveloper.conf 2>>/dev/null

^@/System/Volumes/Data/Applications/SQLDeveloper.app/Contents/Resources/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper/bin/sqldeveloper.conf
/Applications/SQLDeveloper.app/Contents/Resources/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper/bin/sqldeveloper.conf

Add the following two parmeters in /Applications/SQLDeveloper.app/Contents/Resources/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper/bin/sqldeveloper.conf

AddVMOption -Duser.language=en
AddVMOption -Duser.country=US

Restart SQL Developer and try connection again.

Backup and restore LUN0 and OS disk in Azure

==================================Backup process


1. Configure backup for rac2 which includes only LUN0 (+ OS disk, by default)

Backup configuration script from CLI: 

az backup protection enable-for-vm --resource-group marirac --vault-name vault485 --vm rac2 --policy-name  mkpolicy --disk-list-setting include --diskslist 0

Check settings from Portal: 


2. Create test files on / and /u01

[root@rac2 ~]# touch /u01/mari_u01
[root@rac2 ~]# ll /u01/mari_u01
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 Jun  2 15:24 /u01/mari_u01

[root@rac2 ~]# touch /mari_root
[root@rac2 ~]# ll /mari_root
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 0 Jun  2 15:24 /mari_root



==================================Restore process

1. Find the latest restore point from Azure CLI:

az backup recoverypoint list --vault-name vault485 --resource-group marirac -c rac2 -i rac2 --backup-management-type AzureIaasVM


2. Restore OS and LUN0 disks:

az backup restore restore-disks --resource-group marirac --vault-name vault485 -c rac2 -i rac2  --target-resource-group marirac --storage-account mzx41qmarivol2asrcache --diskslist 0 --rp-name 5638874691908752817

​


The above script restores them as managed disks, that are not attached to anything. Note restore did not replace the disk, it just restores as a new disk. 


3. To replace disks do the following:

Detach old LUN0 -> Save -> Attach restored disk as Lun 0. 

To replace existing OS disk with restored one, click Switch OS disk and then start the VM. 

​

4. Check that files are not there anymore:

[root@rac2 ~]#  ll /mari_root
ls: cannot access /mari_root: No such file or directory

[root@rac2 ~]# ll /u01/mariu01
ls: cannot access /u01/mariu01: No such file or directory

Find 5 biggest files in Linux

I have used this command many times, but the interval between each usage is so big that I almost always forget the syntax.

So here it is:

# du -a / | sort -n -r | head -n 5

51190272	/
37705424	/root
33040524	/root/apache-tomcat-7.0.53
32802516	/root/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/logs
32802440	/root/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/logs/catalina.out